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GLOSSARY

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What does Resolution mean?

A proposal put forward to be decided upon at a meeting of the board of directors or of the shareholders of a company in general meeting. See also ordinary resolution, special resolution and written resolution.

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Determining applicable law and jurisdiction, and the territorial scope of statutory employment rights—checklist

Determining applicable law and jurisdiction, and the territorial scope of statutory employment rights—checklist This Checklist provides an overview of the questions to be asked when determining: • which system of law is applicable to a contract of employment or employment relationship (applicable law) • whose courts and/or tribunals should decide an employment case (jurisdiction), and • how the courts and employment tribunals decide what statutory rights, if any, an employee who works abroad and/or has a foreign employer (territorial application or scope of statutory employment rights) Brexit impact From exit day (31 January 2020) the UK ceased to be an EU Member State but, in accordance with the transitional arrangements provided in the Withdrawal Agreement, the UK was in an implementation period (IP) until 11pm on 31 December 2020, known as ‘IP completion day’. During this period, the UK continued to be treated by the EU as a Member State for many purposes. While it could not participate in the political institutions and governance structures of the EU, the UK...

CFA checklist—non-personal injury agreements

CFA checklist—non-personal injury agreements A: General requirements Complete section A for all conditional fee agreements (CFAs) except for personal injury or clinical negligence CFAs which are subject to a separate checklist. If you answer ‘no’ to any question, the CFA you are proposing may be unenforceable and/or you may breach the SRA’s regulatory regime. Requirement Compliant Additional information Agreement is in writing Yes/No The agreement must be in writing CFA relates to advocacy or litigation services Yes/No You can only have a CFA for advocacy or litigation services. CFA does not relate to criminal proceedings, apart from proceedings under section 82 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 Yes (it does not)/No (it does) CFA does not relate to family proceedings Yes (it does not)/No (it does) Family proceedings are proceedings as listed in section 58(A)(2) of the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 You are satisfied the CFA is suitable for the client's needs and take account of their best interests Yes/No...

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Cross-border service—flowchart

Cross-border service—flowchart This flowchart sets out the steps required to ensure effective service of the claim form out of the jurisdiction. It should be read alongside

Texas shoot out (sealed bids)—flowchart

Texas shoot out (sealed bids)—flowchart The Texas shoot out (sometimes called a Mexican shoot out, Tex Mex shoot out or sealed bids) procedure may be started by either shareholder (or the shareholder which did not cause the deadlock) serving notice on the other shareholder, requiring both shareholders to submit sealed bids for the shares of the other shareholder within a specified timescale. The shareholders will be obliged to complete a share transfer on the terms of the bid with the highest price per share. There are a number of variants to this procedure, including that the joint venture shareholders’ agreement may provide for bidding by auction. It would be more usual in a deadlock or 50:50 joint venture for either shareholder to be able to serve the notice starting the Texas shoot out procedure. In a majority/minority joint venture, the majority shareholder may prefer for only

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Managing conflicts of interest in pensions

Managing conflicts of interest in pensions THIS PRACTICE NOTE APPLIES TO TRUST-BASED OCCUPATIONAL PENSION SCHEMES Legal requirements in relation to conflicts of interest Pension scheme trustees have a duty to act in the best interests of the scheme's beneficiaries. However, trustees may owe duties to other parties or have personal interests which conflict with that duty. It is a general principle of trust law that trustees should not put themselves in a position where their duty to act in the best interests of beneficiaries conflicts with duties that they owe to other parties or with their personal interests. If trustees make decisions while subject to a conflict of interest that has not been appropriately managed, there is a risk that those decisions may be challenged by scheme members or overturned by the courts. It is important that the members of a scheme should perceive a conflict or potential conflict as having been properly managed. The directors of a company that acts as a trustee of a...

Disclosure—solicitors' obligations

Disclosure—solicitors' obligations This Practice Note identifies solicitors’ obligations in relation to disclosure to their client and the court. It also explains the need to preserve documents, provide the required disclosure and co-operate with the other side particularly in relation to electronic disclosure (e-disclosure). This Practice Note does not cover the provisions of the disclosure scheme operating in the Business and Property Courts. For guidance, see: Disclosure scheme—overview. Obligations Throughout the disclosure process you have obligations to your client, to the court and in accordance with other relevant provisions. These include, but are not limited to: • advising your client of the need to preserve documents—see further: Preservation of documents • ensuring your client complies with all relevant and applicable provisions and makes compliant disclosure—see further: Full disclosure • co-operating with the other side, specifically in relation to e-disclosure and/or where the claim is proceeding on the multi-track and does not involve a claim for personal injury—see further: Co-operating with the other side • a reasonable duty to manage...

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Letter responding to request for consent to relief from sanctions

Letter responding to request for consent to relief from sanctions [insert name and address of claimant or defendant or claimant's or defendant’s legal representative] [insert date] Dear [insert organisation name] [Claimant v Defendant—Case number] Thank you for your letter of [insert date] requesting that our client consents to an application for relief from sanctions [set out details of the requested relief from sanctions]. [ [We have considered your request but confirm that we are unable to agree to it. [Set out reasons for refusing request] OR [Set out reasons why the requested extension is too long, and make proposal for a shorter extension]] OR We have considered your request and are

Distribution agreement—non-exclusive—short form

Distribution agreement—non-exclusive—short form This Agreement is made on [date] Parties 1 [insert name of party] [of OR a company incorporated in England and Wales under number [insert registered number] whose registered office is at] [insert address] (Manufacturer); and 2 [insert name of party] [of OR a company incorporated in England and Wales under number [insert registered number] whose registered office is at] [insert address] (Distributor); each of the Manufacturer and the Distributor being a party and together they are the parties. Background (A) The Manufacturer manufactures [and supplies] the Products. (B) The Distributor has agreed to distribute the Products on a non-exclusive basis in the Territory in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. The parties agree: 1 Definitions 1.1 In this Agreement: Active Sales • has the meaning given in Article 8(7) of VABEO; Affiliate • means any entity that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is in under common control with, another entity where “control” means the beneficial ownership of...

Dive into our 479 Precedents related to Resolution

In the context of understanding whether or not permission is needed to serve debt proceedings on a company based in Jersey where there is an express jurisdictional clause in the contract submitting to the English courts, could Regulation (EU) 1215/2012, Brussels I (recast) apply?

In the context of understanding whether or not permission is needed to serve debt proceedings on a company based in Jersey where there is an express jurisdictional clause in the contract submitting to the English courts, could Regulation (EU) 1215/2012, Brussels I (recast) apply? This Q&A considers the relevance of Regulation (EU) 1215/2012, Brussels I (recast) when considering whether permission is required to serve out of the jurisdiction. What is the relevance of Regulation (EU) 1215/2012 (Brussels I (recast)) when considering whether permission is required to serve out of the jurisdiction? Permission is not required to serve a claim form out of the jurisdiction where the factors in CPR 6.32 or CPR 6.33 are satisfied (note that CPR 6.32 is not relevant in this instance as it only applies to Scotland and Northern Ireland). CPR 6.33 sets out various scenarios where the permission of the court is not required to serve out of the UK. These include (at CPR 6.33(2)) reference to various provisions of Regulation (EU) 1215/2012 (Brussels I...

A litigant in person has filed a list of documents for disclosure but has not filed a disclosure statement. Does CPR 31.21 apply and is there an automatic sanction for failure to provide a disclosure statement? Can the litigant rely on the documents without permission from the court or have relief from the sanctions?

A litigant in person has filed a list of documents for disclosure but has not filed a disclosure statement. Does CPR 31.21 apply and is there an automatic sanction for failure to provide a disclosure statement? Can the litigant rely on the documents without permission from the court or have relief from the sanctions? Disclosure statement CPR 31.10 sets out the procedure for giving standard disclosure. This requires a party to make a list of documents in the relevant practice form (N265) which includes a disclosure statement (see the annex to CPR PD 31A). CPR 31.10(5) requires a list of documents to include a disclosure statement which should indicate the individual statements listed in CPR 31.10(6): • setting out the extent of the search undertaken to locate documents to be disclosed • certifying that the party giving disclosure understands the duty to disclose documents • certifying to the best of his knowledge he has carried out that duty Unless the parties have agreed in writing that...

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FCA set to get enforcement boost from new fraud offence

Law360, London: The new 'failure to prevent' fraud offence that comes into force in September 2025 will indirectly boost the Financial Conduct Authority's (FCA’s) opportunities for enforcement against corporate senior managers, countering its recent retreat from plans to 'name and shame' companies it is investigating, lawyers say.

Dispute Resolution weekly highlights—1 May 2025

This week's edition of Dispute Resolution weekly highlights includes analysis of a number of key DR developments and key judicial decisions including the 11th edition of the King’s Bench Guide and the Court of Appeal decision in Freeman v Home Farm Ellingham Ltd (specific performance); dates for your diary; details of our most recently published content; and other information of general interest to dispute resolution practitioners.

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GLOSSARY