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What are carbon credits / emissions allowances?

According to HMRC guidance, only those compliance market credits which can be used to meet obligations under the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EUETS) were subject to the UK domestic reverse charge mechanism. These comprised of EU Allowances, as defined in Directive 2003/87/EC (as amended). Some Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) and some Emission Reduction Units (ERUs), as defined in the Directive, were also were subject to the UK domestic reverse charge.

The UK is no longer a member of the EU and is no longer part of the above schemes and, as a result, from 1 May 2021, the CERs and ERUs are no longer within the scope of the UK domestic reverse charge.

At the beginning of 2021, a new UK Emissions Trading